Comparative genome analysis revealed seven uncharacterized genes, sven0909 to sven0915, adjacent to the previously identified\nchloramphenicol biosynthetic gene cluster (sven0916ââ?¬â??sven0928) of Streptomyces venezuelae strain ATCC 10712 that was absent\nin a closely related Streptomyces strain that does not produce chloramphenicol. Transcriptional analysis suggested that three of\nthese genes might be involved in chloramphenicol production, a prediction confirmed by the construction of deletion mutants.\nThese three genes encode a cluster-associated transcriptional activator (Sven0913), a phosphopantetheinyl transferase\n(Sven0914), and a Na/H antiporter (Sven0915). Bioinformatic analysis also revealed the presence of a previously undetected\ngene, sven0925, embedded within the chloramphenicol biosynthetic gene cluster that appears to encode an acyl carrier protein,\nbringing the number of new genes likely to be involved in chloramphenicol production to four. Microarray experiments and\nsynteny comparisons also suggest that sven0929 is part of the biosynthetic gene cluster. This has allowed us to propose an updated\nand revised version of the chloramphenicol biosynthetic pathway.
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